sustainable development refers to a way of planning and managing economic growth that also takes social and environmental concerns into account. It involves using resources in a way that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The concept was introduced in the 1980s by the World Commission on Environment and Development (also known as the Brundtland Commission). Sustainability aims to balance economic development with social progress and environmental protection by integrating economic, social and environmental goals to achieve long-term viability. Sustainable development involves promoting economic growth and development that is socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable. This can be achieved through policies aimed at reducing poverty, improving health and education, promoting gender equality, protecting biodiversity and ecosystems, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and encouraging the use of renewable energy and sustainable consumption and production patterns.

Achieving sustainable development requires the joint efforts of governments, businesses, civil society organizations and individuals. Governments play a vital role in creating an enabling environment through policies and regulations that encourage sustainable practices across all economic sectors. Businesses also have an important role to play in sustainable development by integrating sustainable practices into their operations and supply chains, promoting eco-innovation, and investing in renewable energy and sustainable infrastructure. Civil society organizations, including non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community-based organizations and academic institutions, also play an important role in promoting sustainable development by engaging in advocacy, education and capacity-building activities. Finally, individual actions such as saving water, reducing energy consumption and recycling can also make a significant contribution to sustainable development. Overall, sustainable development is an important concept that recognizes the interconnectedness of economic, social and environmental systems and seeks to promote long-term viability by balancing these three dimensions.